Key Elements:

When citing a document in APA style, 7th edition, ensure you include the following key elements:

• Author(s): Last name, First name initial(s).
• Publication Date: If available. Use (n.d.) if no date is present.
• Title of the Document: Sentence case, followed by a period.
• Source: Italicized and in title case.
• URL: Direct link to the document.

1. Online Document with Author and Date:

Format:
Author, N. (Year). Title. Retrieved from https://www.example.com

Example:
Doe, J. A. (2021). Digital literacy in the 21st century. Retrieved from https://www.example.com/digital-literacy.pdf

Parenthetical In-text Citation: (Doe, 2021)
Narrative In-text Citation: Doe (2021) emphasized …

Notes:

• Italicize the title of the document.
• Use sentence case for the document title.
• Include the full URL.

2. Online Document without Author and Date:

Format:
Name of the Organization (n.d.). Title. Retrieval Date, from https://www.example.com

Example:
National Institute of Health. (n.d.). Understanding vaccines. Retrieved July 5, 2023, from https://www.nih.gov/vaccine-guide.pdf

Parenthetical In-text Citation: (National Institute of Health, n.d.)
Narrative In-text Citation: The National Institute of Health (n.d.) provided …

Notes:

• Italicize the title of the document.
• Use sentence case for the document title.
• If there is no publication date, use (n.d.).
• Include the full URL.